"While official development assistance has had a positive impact in Asian countries, the situation remains disappointing in sub-Saharan Africa, and particularly in Cameroon. A number of variables explain this failure to achieve the objectives of official development assistance : while donors have repeatedly granted funds, it is no less true that they do not follow them up harmoniously in terms of implementation and allocation. Similarly, the responsibility of recipient states should be questioned. This article sets out to do just that, drawing on documentary research to understand the responsibilities of each party and to see to what extent official development assistance could also contribute to the development of the African continent. Keywords: public aid, development, Southern State, Cameroon."